According to that definition, a nano-object can be classified as a Nanoparticle even if none of its distinctive dimensions fall within the range of 1-100 nm. Atomic bond lengths are attained at 0.1 nm, hence 1 nm is utilised as the lowest limit. The size range originally allocated to the discipline of colloid science—from 1 to 1,000 nm—which is frequently referred to as the mesoscale—overlaps significantly with that of 1 to 100 nm. As a result, it is typical to come across literature that uses the phrases colloidal particles and nanoparticles interchangeably. In the case of particles smaller than 100 nm, the distinction is basically conceptual.
According to their size, shape, and material characteristics, nanoparticles can be categorised into a wide range of different categories. Dendrimers, liposomes, and polymeric Nanoparticles are included in the organic category of certain classifications, whereas fullerenes, quantum dots, and gold nanoparticles are included in the inorganic category. Different categories categorise nanoparticles based on their carbon, ceramic, semiconducting, or polymeric composition. Moreover, nanoparticles can be categorised as soft or hard (for example, fullerenes, titania (titanium dioxide), and silica particles) (e.g., liposomes, vesicles, and nanodroplets). The manner that nanoparticles are categorised often depends on their use, such as in therapy or diagnosis as opposed to basic research, or it could be connected to how they were made.
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