Fungal infection of the nail plate, nail bed, or both is known as onychomycosis. Nails are usually malformed and stained white or yellow. The appearance, wet mount, culture, polymerase chain reaction, or a combination of these methods are used to make the diagnosis. When indicated, oral terbinafine or itraconazole is administered.
Toenails are infected ten times more frequently than fingernails. Dermatophytes (e.g., Trichophyton rubrum) cause 60 to 80% of cases; tinea unguium is a dermatophyte infection of the nails. Nondermatophyte moulds are responsible for many of the remaining instances (eg, Aspergillus, Scopulariopsis, Fusarium). Candidal onychomycosis can occur in immunocompromised patients and those with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (which is more common on the fingers). Patients with recurrent tinea pedis may develop subclinical Onychomycosis Treatment. Patients with onychomycosis may be predisposed to lower extremity cellulitis.
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