Breast implants are medical devices used for reconstructive or cosmetic purposes to replace or enhance breast tissue. Biocompatibility is a significant issue for all implantable devices, and in recent years, silicone-based materials have helped create new generations of Breast Implants. Infections, rejections, capsular ruptures, contractures, and more recently, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, are the most frequent postimplantation problems. Understanding the mechanisms causing capsular contracture, which is a significant response to the cumulative reactions occurring at the implant site after implantation and is also known as the "foreign body response," has received a lot of interest.
As with any foreign object, the host forms a capsule around the implant to isolate the surrounding tissue. After implantation, blood proteins and neutrophils that quickly travel to the wound site cover the implant. Monocytes develop into macrophages, which produce giant cells that resemble foreign bodies and stimulate the growth of fibroblasts. It is at this point that the synthesis of the collagen surrounding the implant is started, isolating it from the surrounding tissue and resulting in the formation of a fibrous capsule. Capsular contracture is the result of the capsule finally shrinking and stiffening.
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