The chemical element Osmium, whose name derives from the Ancient Greek word for scent (osm), has the symbol Os and atomic number 76. It is a hard, brittle, bluish-white transition metal from the platinum family that is usually found in platinum ores and is used as a trace element in alloys. The densest naturally occurring element is osmium. Its density, as determined experimentally by X-ray crystallography, is 22.59 g/cm3.
Its alloys with platinum, iridium, and other platinum-group metals are used by producers to create electrical contacts, fountain pen nib tips, and other items that need to be extremely durable and hard. Osmium, which only makes up 50 parts per trillion of the Earth's crust, is one of the rarest elements (ppt). It is the rarest valuable metal since it is thought to exist in the cosmos in a mere 0.6 parts per billion.
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