What is surah maidah about? | Rahman School

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What is surah maidah about? Surah Al-Ma’idah (Arabic: سورة المائدة, meaning: “The Table” or “The Table Spread with Food”).

Surah al-maidah is classified as ‘Madni Surah’ because of the befall in Madina and its contextual background, also known as “The Feast”. The position of this Surah is in Juz’ 6 to 7, and Hizb no. 11 to 13. The total number of Rukus is 16 with 120 verses. None of the Sajdahs are in maidah surah.

The topics discussed are related to food, the animals that are forbidden to eat in Islam, and the goal of Jesus and Moses’, such as verse 90 puts a stop to drinking alcohol.
Verse 8 emphasizes doing justice to all the people, “Do not let dislikes of people guide you toward injustice”.

Surah maidah talks about some topics as follows:
Surat maidah includes how to deal with the People of the Book and a statement was revealed in it that Christ is like all human beings and one of the messengers and prophets were chosen by Allah Almighty. The prohibition of wine and pork was revealed in it, and all evils were also prohibited.

Why was surah Maidah revealed?

Surat maidah was revealed to suit the requirements of the changed conditions which were now different from those prevailing at the time of the revelation of Al-i-‘Imran and An-Nisa.

There is no reason for revelation in surah al maidah in its entirety, but the reasons are given in separate verses and these are reasons for the revelation of some verses as follows:

1- The reason for the revelation of a verse (لا تحلوا شعائر الله)

It was said about the reason for its revelation was that the polytheists were performing Hajj, Umrah, and slaughtering the sacrificial animal, so Muslims wanted to take advantage of their preoccupation and attack them at that time, so the noble verse was revealed prohibiting fighting in the Masjid AL-haram and in the holy months.

2- The reason for the revelation of a verse (اليوم أكملت لكم دينكم):

It was said about the reason for the revelation of this verse that when the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was in Makkah, he had not yet imposed anything but the obligatory prayer, and by his migration to Al- Madinah, Allah Almighty sent down, the lawful and the forbidden and the rest of the Islamic legislation, and when he performed Hajj(peace be upon him) said the farewell sermon and the completeness of the religion and its legislation, in which Allah Almighty revealed the noble verse.

Where was surah Maidah revealed?

Al maidah surah was revealed in Madinah after the hijrah from Makkah.

When was surah Maidah revealed?

Surah maida was revealed after the treaty of Hudaybiyyah, and others said surah al ma idah was revealed at Hajat Al-wadae year at the beginning of the seventh year of Hijra.

Surah al maidah revelation was extended during the last years of the life of Prophet Muhammad( may Allah bless him and grant him peace) until the tenth year of hijrah.

It deals with problems that arose from this treaty. The continuity of the subject indicates that most probably the whole maidah surah was revealed as a single discourse at one and the same time.

Surah Maidah read online

Why the surah was named Al-Ma’idah?

Surah al maidah has been called Al-Ma’idah (the food), because of the invocation of Jesus (as) that he asked for the descent of heavenly food, mentioned in this Surah, verse 114.
Surah Al-Ma’idah is also called surat aloud because of the presence of this word in its beginning, also called surat al munqidhat because it saves from the hands of angels of doom, and also called surat Al-Akhyaar because it contains an urge to fulfill the covenant, which is the concern of good ones.
But It does not mean that this name is the actual topic discussed in the whole surah maida. It is just a reference and mark to distinguish surah al ma idah from others as is with most other Surahs of the Quran. While there are diversified topics discussed in these Surahs.

What is the main theme of surah al maidah?

Al maidah surah deals with the mentioned three key subject matters:

Directions for life:
In this context, a complete code of conduct regarding ‘Hajj’ has been advised. The practice of strict respect for Allah’s emblems has been instructed. So, any intrusion with the worshippers of Kabbah has been banned. An explicit set of rules has been set for legitimate and illicit in the matter of food substances. Furthermore, previously self-imposed silly cutbacks of the pre-Islamic era have been eliminated.

It is allowed to take food in the name of Allah. Instructions for performing ablution (Wudu), bathing, cleanliness, and ablution with the help of soil (Tayammum) have been given. The penalties of theft, rebellion, and killing the peace of people have been stated. Gambling and drinking alcohol have been made completely illegal.

Redemption of oath-breaking has been prescribed, and some other laws have been added for the matter of evidence.
Reprimand to the Muslims
After appearing as a ruling body, it was doubtful that the pride of power might make them corrupt.

During the trial period, Allah rebuked them again and again so that they could stick to justice and shield against the bad behavior of their antecedents. They have been encouraged to remain loyal to Allah and His messenger (Prophet Muhammad Peace be upon Him).

Cautions to Jews & Christians
As the power of Jews had been decreasing dramatically, approximately their residents in North Arabia were under the rule of Muslims. They were informed about their incorrect behavior and emphasized to stick to the right way. Simultaneously, a detailed summons has also been given to the Christians.

Fortuitously, it might be noted that no straight invitation was sent to the idolaters and Majusis living in the nearby countries. The reason is that there was no need to call them separately; the theory was already covered as mushrik Arabs.

Surah maidah benefits

Surah al ma idah contains 120 verses, and you will be amazed to know one fact about surah maida. Compared to all the Surahs of the Quran, the phrase “O you who have the Faith!” came frequently. This phrase has been recalled 16 times in surah al-maidah. Similarly, this sentence is repeated 11 times in Surah Al-Baqarah.
Furthermore, we are sharing some key advantages of reciting surat maidah:

● If you recite Ayat no. 54, there will be abundant love between your family.

● If you want to seek forgiveness from Allah, recite surah al maidah daily.

● Whoever recites surah Al-Ma’idah, Allah adds 10 good deeds, eliminates 10 evil deeds, and comes nearer to Allah 10 times more than the previous position.

● If you recite Al-Ma’idah every Thursday, you will be safe from wrongdoings and not do any ‘Shirk’.

● Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him and his progeny has said, “Whoever recites Surah Al-Ma’idah will be given ten rewards for every Jew and Christian who have breathed in this world, ten sins will be wiped out from his book of deeds, and Allah will raise his station ten degrees.”

Abu Ja‘far Muhammad ibn Ali has said, “Whoever recites surah maida every Thursday, his faith shall not be veiled by injustice and crime, and he shall associate no one with Allah.”

Abu Abdullah Ja‘far ibn Muhammad has said, “Whoever writes surah Al-Ma’idah with faith, sincere intention, and while paying attention to Allah and the meaning of its verses, and puts it inside a chest inside the house, what is inside it will be safe from being stolen.

Is surah al maidah makki or madani?

Surat maidah is Madani Surah which was revealed after the treaty of Hudaybiyah with the polytheists when The Holy Prophet with 1400 Muslims went to Makkah in Zil-Qadah to perform `Umrah, but the Quraish spurred by their enmity, prevented him from its performance, then they agreed that the prophet could perform `Umrah the following year.

In which para is surah Al-Ma’idah?

Maidah surah is in the sixth and seventh parts, with 120 verses, and the fifth in the order of the Quran comes after (Al-Baqarah, Al-Omran, Al-Nisa’).

How to memorize surah Al-Ma’idah?

Reciting the Qur’an and memorizing it has benefits that can’t be counted, as for the causes and reasons that aid one in memorizing Quran, then there are many but I shall briefly mention the most important ones here:

Surah al ma idah is one of the long surahs, it has 120 verses, and you can memorize it using the mental map of Al-Ma’idah.

Surah al-maidah is 120 verses about keeping promises.

From (1:40) about preserving religion, honor, people, and money.

From (41:86) about the Prohibition of Loyalty to the People of the Book.

From (87:108) From the verses of the Islamic sharia.

From (109:120) about review contracts on the Day of Resurrection and the story of the table.

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Story behind surah maidah

Jesus’ supplication to his Lord for the table at the request of his people:
Allah Almighty mentioned the story of the table in al maidah surah, which was named by this name because it includes the story of the table that Allah Almighty sent down from heaven when Jesus, son of Mariam, peace be upon him, asked him to bring it down from heaven as requested by his companions and disciples.

The content of the story of this table is that Jesus, peace be upon him, commanded the disciples to fast for thirty days, and when they completed it, they asked Jesus, peace be upon him, to bring down a table from heaven for them to eat from it and to reassure their hearts that Allah Almighty has accepted their fast and they will have a feast on which they break their fast on the day they break their fast.

But Jesus, peace be upon him, exhorted them about that, and he feared that they would not thank Allah’s table, so they refused him unless he asked Allah to do so. When they insisted on him, he began to supplicate to Allah Almighty in supplication and the question that they would respond to what they asked.

The table came down from heaven and Allah warned Jesus against their disbelief in it:
Allah Almighty responded, but warned them against disbelief after this verse, which came in response to their request.
So, the Table came down from the sky and the people were looking at it descending between two clouds, and it made it draw nearer a little bit, and as it approached them, Jesus, peace be upon him, asked to make it mercy, not a curse, and to make it peace and blessing.

It kept getting closer until it came to rest in the hands of Jesus, peace be upon him, while she was covered with a handkerchief, so Jesus, peace be upon him, got up to reveal it while saying (In the Name of Allah, the Best of Providers).
So it had food on it, seven whales and seven loaves, and it was said: It had vinegar, pomegranate, and fruits on it, and it had a very great smell.
Then, Jesus, peace be upon him, commanded them to eat from it. He, peace be upon him, commanded the poor, the needy, the sick, and the handicapped, who was close to one thousand three hundred, to eat from this table. They saw a reform of the condition of those who ate.

Restricting the table to the poor
Then the table was climbed and they looked at her until it disappeared from their eyes.
And it was said: This table used to come down every day, and people ate from it, and the last of them ate just as the first of them ate until it was said: Seven thousand people ate from it every day.

Then Allah Almighty commanded that it be restricted to the poor rather than the rich, so that was hard on many people, and their hypocrites spoke about it, so it was raised and transformed those who spoke about that from the hypocrites into pigs.
The table came down, and the disciples ate from it, and they remained on their faith and their belief in Jesus, peace be upon him, except for one man who disbelieved after Jesus, peace be upon him, was raised.

Hadith on surah al maidah

The importance of surat maidah appears in the hadiths of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him)

Abu Dharr reported: The Prophet, peace, and blessings be upon him, stood in prayer until the morning reciting only one verse. The verse was, “If You punish them, they are indeed Your servants. And if You forgive them, You alone are the Almighty, the Wise.” (5:118) “Source: Sunan al-Nasā’ī 1010”

Surah Maidah in English

In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.

O ye who believe! fulfil (all) obligations. Lawful unto you (for food) are all four-footed animals, with the exceptions named: But animals of the chase are forbidden while ye are in the sacred precincts or in pilgrim garb: for Allah doth command according to His will and plan.
O ye who believe! Violate not the sanctity of the symbols of Allah, nor of the sacred month, nor of the animals brought for sacrifice, nor the garlands that mark out such animals, nor the people resorting to the sacred house, seeking of the bounty and good pleasure of their Lord. But when ye are clear of the sacred precincts and of pilgrim garb, ye may hunt and let not the hatred of some people in (once) shutting you out of the Sacred Mosque lead you to transgression (and hostility on your part). Help ye one another in righteousness and piety, but help ye not one another in sin and rancour: fear Allah: for Allah is strict in punishment.
Forbidden to you (for food) are: dead meat, blood, the flesh of swine, and that on which hath been invoked the name of other than Allah; that which hath been killed by strangling, or by a violent blow, or by a headlong fall, or by being gored to death; that which hath been (partly) eaten by a wild animal; unless ye are able to slaughter it (in due form); that which is sacrificed on stone (altars); (forbidden) also is the division (of meat) by raffling with arrows: that is impiety. This day have those who reject faith given up all hope of your religion: yet fear them not but fear Me. This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed My favour upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion. But if any is forced by hunger, with no inclination to transgression, Allah is indeed Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
They ask thee what is lawful to them (as food). Say: lawful unto you are (all) things good and pure: and what ye have taught your trained hunting animals (to catch) in the manner directed to you by Allah: eat what they catch for you, but pronounce the name of Allah over it: and fear Allah; for Allah is swift in taking account.
This day are (all) things good and pure made lawful unto you. The food of the People of the Book is lawful unto you and yours is lawful unto them. (Lawful unto you in marriage) are (not only) chaste women who are believers, but chaste women among the People of the Book, revealed before your time,- when ye give them their due dowers, and desire chastity, not lewdness, nor secret intrigues if any one rejects faith, fruitless is his work, and in the Hereafter he will be in the ranks of those who have lost (all spiritual good).
O ye who believe! when ye prepare for prayer, wash your faces, and your hands (and arms) to the elbows; Rub your heads (with water); and (wash) your feet to the ankles. If ye are in a state of ceremonial impurity, bathe your whole body. But if ye are ill, or on a journey, or one of you cometh from offices of nature, or ye have been in contact with women, and ye find no water, then take for yourselves clean sand or earth, and rub therewith your faces and hands, Allah doth not wish to place you in a difficulty, but to make you clean, and to complete his favour to you, that ye may be grateful.
And call in remembrance the favour of Allah unto you, and His covenant, which He ratified with you, when ye said: “We hear and we obey”: And fear Allah, for Allah knoweth well the secrets of your hearts.
O ye who believe! stand out firmly for Allah, as witnesses to fair dealing, and let not the hatred of others to you make you swerve to wrong and depart from justice. Be just: that is next to piety: and fear Allah. For Allah is well-acquainted with all that ye do.
To those who believe and do deeds of righteousness hath Allah promised forgiveness and a great reward.
Those who reject faith and deny our signs will be companions of Hell-fire.
O ye who believe! Call in remembrance the favour of Allah unto you when certain men formed the design to stretch out their hands against you, but (Allah) held back their hands from you: so fear Allah. And on Allah let believers put (all) their trust.
Allah did aforetime take a covenant from the Children of Israel, and we appointed twelve captains among them. And Allah said: “I am with you: if ye (but) establish regular prayers, practise regular charity, believe in my messengers, honour and assist them, and loan to Allah a beautiful loan, verily I will wipe out from you your evils, and admit you to gardens with rivers flowing beneath; but if any of you, after this, resisteth faith, he hath truly wandered from the path or rectitude.”
But because of their breach of their covenant, We cursed them, and made their hearts grow hard; they change the words from their (right) places and forget a good part of the message that was sent them, nor wilt thou cease to find them- barring a few – ever bent on (new) deceits: but forgive them, and overlook (their misdeeds): for Allah loveth those who are kind.
From those, too, who call themselves Christians, We did take a covenant, but they forgot a good part of the message that was sent them: so we estranged them, with enmity and hatred between the one and the other, to the day of judgment. And soon will Allah show them what it is they have done.
O people of the Book! There hath come to you our Messenger, revealing to you much that ye used to hide in the Book, and passing over much (that is now unnecessary): There hath come to you from Allah a (new) light and a perspicuous Book, –
Wherewith Allah guideth all who seek His good pleasure to ways of peace and safety, and leadeth them out of darkness, by His will, unto the light,- guideth them to a path that is straight.
In blasphemy indeed are those that say that Allah is Christ the son of Mary. Say: “Who then hath the least power against Allah, if His will were to destroy Christ the son of Mary, his mother, and all every – one that is on the earth? For to Allah belongeth the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and all that is between. He createth what He pleaseth. For Allah hath power over all things.”
(Both) the Jews and the Christians say: “We are sons of Allah, and his beloved.” Say: “Why then doth He punish you for your sins? Nay, ye are but men,- of the men he hath created: He forgiveth whom He pleaseth, and He punisheth whom He pleaseth: and to Allah belongeth the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and all that is between: and unto Him is the final goal (of all)”
O People of the Book! Now hath come unto you, making (things) clear unto you, Our Messenger, after the break in (the series of) our messengers, lest ye should say: “There came unto us no bringer of glad tidings and no warner (from evil)”: But now hath come unto you a bringer of glad tidings and a warner (from evil). And Allah hath power over all things.
Remember Moses said to his people: “O my people! Call in remembrance the favour of Allah unto you, when He produced prophets among you, made you kings, and gave you what He had not given to any other among the peoples.
“O my people! Enter the holy land which Allah hath assigned unto you, and turn not back ignominiously, for then will ye be overthrown, to your own ruin.”
They said: “O Moses! In this land are a people of exceeding strength: Never shall we enter it until they leave it: if (once) they leave, then shall we enter.”
(But) among (their) Allah-fearing men were two on whom Allah had bestowed His grace: They said: “Assault them at the (proper) Gate: when once ye are in, victory will be yours; But on Allah put your trust if ye have faith.”
They said: “O Moses! while they remain there, never shall we be able to enter, to the end of time. Go thou, and thy Lord, and fight ye two, while we sit here (and watch).”
He said: “O my Lord! I have power only over myself and my brother: so separate us from this rebellious people!”
Allah said: “Therefore will the land be out of their reach for forty years: In distraction will they wander through the land: But sorrow thou not over these rebellious people.
Recite to them the truth of the story of the two sons of Adam. Behold! they each presented a sacrifice (to Allah): It was accepted from one, but not from the other. Said the latter: “Be sure I will slay thee.” “Surely,” said the former, “Allah doth accept of the sacrifice of those who are righteous.
“If thou dost stretch thy hand against me, to slay me, it is not for me to stretch my hand against thee to slay thee: for I do fear Allah, the cherisher of the worlds.
“For me, I intend to let thee draw on thyself my sin as well as thine, for thou wilt be among the companions of the fire, and that is the reward of those who do wrong.”
The (selfish) soul of the other led him to the murder of his brother: he murdered him, and became (himself) one of the lost ones.
Then Allah sent a raven, who scratched the ground, to show him how to hide the shame of his brother. “Woe is me!” said he; “Was I not even able to be as this raven, and to hide the shame of my brother?” then he became full of regrets-
On that account: We ordained for the Children of Israel that if any one slew a person – unless it be for murder or for spreading mischief in the land – it would be as if he slew the whole people: and if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole people. Then although there came to them Our messengers with clear signs, yet, even after that, many of them continued to commit excesses in the land.
The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is: execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite sides, or exile from the land: that is their disgrace in this world, and a heavy punishment is theirs in the Hereafter;
Except for those who repent before they fall into your power: in that case, know that Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
O ye who believe! Do your duty to Allah, seek the means of approach unto Him, and strive with might and main in his cause: that ye may prosper.
As to those who reject Faith,- if they had everything on earth, and twice repeated, to give as ransom for the penalty of the Day of Judgment, it would never be accepted of them, theirs would be a grievous penalty.
Their wish will be to get out of the Fire, but never will they get out therefrom: their penalty will be one that endures.
As to the thief, Male or female, cut off his or her hands: a punishment by way of example, from Allah, for their crime: and Allah is Exalted in power.
But if the thief repents after his crime, and amends his conduct, Allah turneth to him in forgiveness; for Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
Knowest thou not that to Allah (alone) belongeth the dominion of the heavens and the earth? He punisheth whom He pleaseth, and He forgiveth whom He pleaseth: and Allah hath power over all things.
O Messenger! let not those grieve thee, who race each other into unbelief: (whether it be) among those who say “We believe” with their lips but whose hearts have no faith; or it be among the Jews,- men who will listen to any lie,- will listen even to others who have never so much as come to thee. They change the words from their (right) times and places: they say, “If ye are given this, take it, but if not, beware!” If any ones trial is intended by Allah, thou hast no authority in the least for him against Allah. For such – it is not Allahs will to purify their hearts. For them there is disgrace in this world, and in the Hereafter a heavy punishment.
(They are fond of) listening to falsehood, of devouring anything forbidden. If they do come to thee, either judge between them, or decline to interfere. If thou decline, they cannot hurt thee in the least. If thou judge, judge in equity between them. For Allah loveth those who judge in equity.
But why do they come to thee for decision, when they have (their own) law before them?- therein is the (plain) command of Allah; yet even after that, they would turn away. For they are not (really) People of Faith.
It was We who revealed the law (to Moses): therein was guidance and light. By its standard have been judged the Jews, by the prophets who bowed (as in Islam) to Allahs will, by the rabbis and the doctors of law: for to them was entrusted the protection of Allahs book, and they were witnesses thereto: therefore fear not men, but fear me, and sell not my signs for a miserable price. If any do fail to judge by (the light of) what Allah hath revealed, they are (no better than) Unbelievers.
We ordained therein for them: “Life for life, eye for eye, nose for nose, ear for ear, tooth for tooth, and wounds equal for equal.” But if any one remits the retaliation by way of charity, it is an act of atonement for himself. And if any fail to judge by (the light of) what Allah hath revealed, they are (No better than) wrong-doers.
And in their footsteps We sent Jesus the son of Mary, confirming the Law that had come before him: We sent him the Gospel: therein was guidance and light, and confirmation of the Law that had come before him: a guidance and an admonition to those who fear Allah.
Let the people of the Gospel judge by what Allah hath revealed therein. If any do fail to judge by (the light of) what Allah hath revealed, they are (no better than) those who rebel.
To thee We sent the Scripture in truth, confirming the scripture that came before it, and guarding it in safety: so judge between them by what Allah hath revealed, and follow not their vain desires, diverging from the Truth that hath come to thee. To each among you have we prescribed a law and an open way. If Allah had so willed, He would have made you a single people, but (His plan is) to test you in what He hath given you: so strive as in a race in all virtues. The goal of you all is to Allah; it is He that will show you the truth of the matters in which ye dispute;
And this (He commands): Judge thou between them by what Allah hath revealed, and follow not their vain desires, but beware of them lest they beguile thee from any of that (teaching) which Allah hath sent down to thee. And if they turn away, be assured that for some of their crime it is Allahs purpose to punish them. And truly most men are rebellious.
Do they then seek after a judgment of (the days of) ignorance? But who, for a people whose faith is assured, can give better judgment than Allah?
O ye who believe! take not the Jews and the Christians for your friends and protectors: They are but friends and protectors to each other. And he amongst you that turns to them (for friendship) is of them. Verily Allah guideth not a people unjust.
Those in whose hearts is a disease – thou seest how eagerly they run about amongst them, saying: “We do fear lest a change of fortune bring us disaster.” Ah! perhaps Allah will give (thee) victory, or a decision according to His will. Then will they repent of the thoughts which they secretly harboured in their hearts.
And those who believe will say: “Are these the men who swore their strongest oaths by Allah, that they were with you?” All that they do will be in vain, and they will fall into (nothing but) ruin.
O ye who believe! if any from among you turn back from his Faith, soon will Allah produce a people whom He will love as they will love Him,- lowly with the believers, mighty against the rejecters, fighting in the way of